[世界史の理解]

2023年03月22日

Sweden this time. The declaration of neutrality issued by Charles XIV when Bernadotte, one of the marshals of Napoleon's army, ascended the throne in 1834, was maintained until NATO membership in May 2022. In World War II, Sweden was pro-neutral until around 1942, when Germany was dominant. Sweden's trade volume has increased, partly because the North Sea had become a battle zone, and trade with Germany had increased. Even in Germany, the high-quality and hard iron ore of Kirin’s and Gaellivare in northern Sweden was especially essential in the manufacture of tanks. The import was not from the Gulf of Bosnia, which was frozen in winter, but from the port of Narvik in Norway, so at least the strict neutrality of Norway was important for Germany. British Minister of the Sea Churchill advanced the landing and suppression of Norway and the northern part of Sweden in the name of aiding Finland in the Winter War, but this plan was aborted because the Winter War ended. Knowing this move, Hitler questioned the neutrality of Norway in the Altmark incident in February 1940 and ordered the occupation of Norway and Denmark by the Weser exercise operation. Since then, the pro-German neutrality policy was promoted until 1942. The German army stationed in Norway was given permission to pass through Sweden to move to Finland due to the German-Soviet War. After 1943, Germany's defeat in the war became intense, so the policy was changed to neutrality pro-allied countries, but Sweden, which considered neutrality as the greatest welfare, remained neutral until the end. In 1945, in addition to Foreign Minister Ribbentrop, truce negotiations with Himler's favorite General Schellenberg and the Swedish royal Count Bernadotte continued until the German surrender. Japan also made efforts in the surrender negotiations through the Soviet Union by Ambassador Bakke to Japan.So were Dahrelus and Wallenberg.The former,who was a friend of Goering’s ,supreme commander of Luftwaffe, managed to bridge the UK and Germany with the realization of the second Munich Agreement in August 1939 to prevent World War II, and the latter made full use of diplomatic privileges to reduce the transfer of Jewish people in Hungary to concentration camps as much as possible, but was detained by the Soviet army that had been stationed and went missing