[世界史の理解]

2023年04月18日

Iran this time. Since the time of the Kajar dynasty, she has always been under pressure from Russia in the north and from Great Britain in the south which places the most importance on security of the Anglo-India royal route as the basis of foreign policy. After the Barbist Rebellion, in the 1890s, the ethnic movement was greatly exhilarated when it was found that it gave Britain the exclusive right to sell tobacco, which is popular among the Iranians who were banned from alcohol in teachings of Islam,and the Kajar dynasty also got a quarter in return. But with the excavation of large oil fields in the early 20th century and the outbreak of World War I, the importance of Iran increased. In order to inwardly suppress the national movements and outwardly compete with both Britain and Russia, an army modeled on Germany was created, and in the process, pro-German factions were formed. Reza Khan was a military commander, but influenced by Kemal Pasha, who succeeded in rebuilding neighboring Turkey after World War I, he abolished the Kajar dynasty and carried out reforms with Westernization and secularization as the pillars. He sympathized with Nazi Germany, which was hostile to Britain and the Soviet Union as in the case of neighboring Turkey, and quickly became impatient, so in order to get ahead of the pro-independence of the entire West Asia due to the German army's occupation of Island of Crete and the overwhelming victory of the German army at the beginning of the German-Soviet war, following the occupation of Syria and Lebanon of Vichy France,Iran was ,taking the lead,occupied by the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union and Albion secured a support route against the Soviets. Reza Khan, who was too close to Germany, was forced to abdicate and defected to South Africa via Mauritius.